Understanding the structure of experience in classical Pragmatism and overcoming Postmodernism
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Keywords

pragmatism, postmodernism, experience, structure of experience, practical activity, morality, war

How to Cite

Lyubiviy, Y. (2024). Understanding the structure of experience in classical Pragmatism and overcoming Postmodernism. Multiversum. Philosophical Almanac, 1(1(179), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.35423/2078-8142.2024.1.1.5

Abstract

The current global economic, climate and military-political crisis which has become extremely acute after 02.24.2022 shows that the era of postmodernity and post-truth is coming to an end in the world and the radical transformation of society is accelerating. Postmodern philosophy is unable to respond to today’s challenges as it reduces the fullness of cognitive and practical experience to linguistic experience and life practice to self-reflective acts of self-reference, deconstruction, reinterpretation i.e. various procedures of the language game. This approach does not allow a person to actively improve the situation in society in conditions of a global crisis. In contrast to this, classical Pragmatism implementing the main requests of the philosophy of postmodernism regarding: avoiding the postulation of transcendental values; refusal in contrast to metaphysics from occupying a privileged cognitive and value position; not relying on grand narratives which are the basis of neocolonialism; as well as finding ways to act in situations where there is no absolute truth (L. Hickman). However, Pragmatism in addition to implementing the demands of the philosophy of postmodernism relies on the fullness of the cognitive and practical experience of a person without simplifying the structure of the latter. Pragmatism puts forward hypotheses regarding the picture of the world and models, algorithms and methods of a person's own activity, experimentally, checks their effectiveness in the experience of cognitive and practical activity with the help of feedback which allows to propose new more relevant hypotheses regarding reality as such and models, algorithms, and methods of this activity. Realizing the demands of the philosophy of postmodernism, Pragmatism at the same time overcomes the narrowing of the structure of human experience only to the linguistic and in this sense is post-postmodernism. Pragmatism considers morality as a factor that is tightly woven into the activity experience of a person and has both a subjective and an objective dimensions which is embodied in an objective result and contributes to the realization of values important to a person - safety, well-being, health, life satisfaction. Moral guidelines and values inherent to individuals are aggregated as hypotheses in the process of developing a joint decision in their discussion and interaction are evaluated as a result of joint activity as a kind of experiment with feedback and become a habit (form, algorithm and method of activity). Habits are not only a tool of activity, but also a tool for evaluating the results of activity and are a prerequisite for both the production of human means of livelihood and the creation of more perfect innovative social relations. Pragmatism is based on human life experience and experimental science and is a productive humanistic concept that promotes human freedom and well-being. When society is in a situation of civilizational transformation accompanied by environmental disasters and wars a pragmatic approach is quite effective. In this situation the society must concentrate the maximum possible resources on survival as well as creative development of those individual and institutional opportunities that contribute to its viability, preserve identity, and ensure human freedom.

https://doi.org/10.35423/2078-8142.2024.1.1.5
USSUE PDF (Українська)

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