Theological and philosophical concepts of» time «and» justice «as actual issues of modern eschatology

Abstract

In the article author make research the tendencies of development of issues of modern national eschatology are considered: concepts of time and justice. The theological-historical background of the development of eschatological ideas is revealed, and modern tendencies are demonstrated in the light of the works of recognized theologians. Shown are the nodal and critical moments of the development of eschatological representations in the light of the works of K. Bart and Y. Moltmann, who offered an alternative view of the existing linear eschatology in the presence of eternity in every historical moment of time. It is noted that Y. Moltman shifts the understanding of "eschaton" as referring to recent times, to "eschaton" as a concept that means eternity. Thus, eschatology is actualized as a personal, subjective-psychological experience of the presence of Eternity in the life of every Christian without the accentuated eschatomania caused by apocalyptic expectations of the end of history. In the matter of justice and eternal punishment in hell, the author refers to the concept of «antinomy of hell» by P. Florensky as a means of finding reconciliation of the ideas of God's justice, love and necessity of punishment. It has been found that many theoretical and practical issues in contemporary eschatology highlight two: the concept of time and the concept of justice. The first pressing issue is the tendency to change the concept of time from a linear one, which awaits the realization of God's judgments on humanity to subjective and psychological perception. Without rejecting the fulfillment of God's prophecy of the book of Revelation in the future, it is suggested that each Christian personally seek the alternative application of prophetic texts at a subjective level. The second pressing question is to seek a satisfactory answer and reconcile the concept of God's righteousness with the eternal punishment of sinners in Hell, initiated by God, which is inherently Love. The answer to this question was the need to understand the consequences of one's personal choices.