Abstract
Present article examines the key concepts of Sufi cosmology in their connection with anthropological ideas. Particular attention is paid to the presentation and interpretation of these concepts in the didactic texts and contemporary Sufi tradition. The intellectual tradition of Sufism combined on the one hand Neoplatonic hierarchical vision of the universe inherent in the classic Arab-Muslim philosophy (falsafa), on the other – religious postulates, reinterpreted through the prism of spiritual tradition and individual mystical experience. Sufi authors and academic researchers make a distinction between the speculative mysticism, or al-tasawwuf al-ilmi (theoretical Sufism) or irfan al-nazari (contemplative knowledge, gnosis) and al-tasawwuf al-amali (practical Sufism). However, some modern scholars believe that researchers are mainly focused on the study of theoretical texts, without paying due attention to practical. However, these texts are a valuable source for historical-philosophical reconstruction of the Sufi doctrines. Therefore, studying the doctrinal aspects of Sufism and their practical application in the Sufi environment should take into account the authority of Shaykh for his followers. For that reason, exploring Sufi texts, especially practical, we must take into account the specific Sufi tradition to which they belong, and only on this basis, in our opinion, we can make justified generalizations.
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